The Techniques Used in American Beauty Essay Example for Free

The Techniques Used in American watcher EssayThroughout American Beauty, Mendes? purpose of set design and camera angles have been carefully structured to emphathise the ? lm? s theme of imprisonment. In the opening scene the audience? s understructure to the lead character is Lester Burnham taking a shower. Mendes (1999) states this is the ? rst jail cell the audience sees Lester in, a range of various jail cell type settings appear throughout the ? lm including Lester presented excessively behind glass, between frames and at work, where he is con? ned to a small cubicle in a very large of? ce (Appalachian, 2009). The effect of Lester imprisoned suggests he is isolated and removed from the world around him. The camera angles used exaggerate this and highlight Lester? s de? ation of provide against the signi? cant quite a little in his life. This technique is shown to de? ne the relationship between Lester and his boss, brad. During a private conversation about budget cuts at work, Brad? s superiority is apply as he shot from a low angle, whereas Lester is shot from a high angle, this creates the effect that Lester is far away from Brad, which demonstrates to the audience the vast power Brad has over him.Mendes (1999) describes Lester as distant and isolated in this scene. This technique is withal replicated throughout the movie to emphathise Lester? s detached relationship from his wife, Carolyn and daughter, Jane. The scene where Lester is seen to delay his wife by spilling his briefcase on the pavement before entering the car, Carolyn, similarly to Brad is shot from a low angle again which enforces Lester? s lack of power and her superiority. Interestingly, as the ? lm progresses and Lester? relationships evolve, the camera angles also evolve in reverse and the audience begins to see Lester shot in a low angle and characters corresponding Carolyn are shot in a high angle, indicating that Carolyn is now vulnerable. These altered camera angles gi ve Lester a triumphant image. Another technique Mendes uses is colorize. The use of food commenting is often an important technique utilised by ? lm directors to communicate themes and ideas to an audience. In American Beauty, Mendes powerfully uses colour to communicate that the characters are attempting to escape from their imprisonment.initially the characters are seen in environments that are very tame and nondescript, as Mendes (1999) states when referring to Lester? s work setting. As Lester? s quest for escapement gains momentum, the vivid colour of red is stepwise introduced more into this ? lm through subtle furnishings in the Burnham house and particularly integrated with Lester? s sexual fantasies. The use of the vibrant, red rose petal is ? rst introduced when Lester and Carolyn catch Jane? s cheer performance, where Lester loses himself as he enters his ? rst tunnel of fantasy (Mendes, 1999).Deschler (1999) states the rose is symbolic of American beauty, and the c olour red symbolises passion and love. The signi? cance of the rose petal and the colour red is repeatedly seen throughout the ? lm in house furnishings such as a bouquet of roses on the coffee table and vividly in Lester? s fantasies about Jane? s friend, Angela, the increasing level of red in the ? lm is in conjunction with Lester? s progressing sexual drive and transformation. The ? ourishing presence of the colour red, acknowledges Lester? s ? erce lust and desire to be free.This is effectively conveyed during the scene where Lester visualises Angela in a vibrant sea of roses, touching herself seductively on his bedroom ceiling, also when Lester buys the car he has always wanted (Ball, 1999), which is a 1970 Firebird and strategically, red. Music is a powerful medium in ? lm and Mendes uses the soundtrack in American Beauty to articulate the character? s evolving personalities and relationships, and to set the tone of each scene, particularly noticeable during Lester? s transfor mation. Composer, Thomas Newman? score is described as lonely and drab (Mendes, 1999), which is an appropriate expression for Lester? s existence at the beginning of this ? lm. This is similarly demonstrated and supports to de? ne the initial relationship between Lester and Carolyn, as shown by the dull music thatCarolyn chooses to play at the dinner table. When Lester? s journey to freedom gains speed, evidently his sense of self worth has increased as there is an hopeful lift in the genre of music that is played as the backdrop to Lester? s life. This melancholy music played at the beginning of the ? m, begins to disappear and is replaced by fast paced, rock music. Simultaneously as Lester? s lifestyle transforms into marijuana smoking and employment at a fast food restaurant, so does besides his interest in listening to seventies rock music (Deschler, 1999). At the height of Lester? s transformation, an important scene where the soundtrack effectively communicates a liberating change in personality is when he is recklessly driving his 1970 Firebird, whilst singing along to Guess Who? s rock hit American Woman, he con? dently sings the lyrics American woman, occlusive away from me (Ball, 2009).This rebellious choice of song supports Lester? s new found freedom from his corporate life and could even suggest that Lester is newly unaffected by his wife? s judgements and bounds by recreating his lost youth. In many of the fantasy sequences involving Angela, the music composed is seductive and trancelike, which mirror? s the effect Angela has on Lester (Huffstutler, 2009), the technique of soundtrack is effectively used here to set a strong tone for the audience. In American Beauty, director, Sam Mendes uses the Burnham family to demonstrate the breakdown of a suburban family and possibly to encourage his audience to ? ook closer? and past what often appears, to be a seamless, picture perfect life. American Beauty effectively employs the techniques of set des ign, camera angles, colour and soundtrack to convey the meaning of this ? lm, which is to escape from imprisonment.

Business Management Essay Example for Free

dividing line Management EssayAccording to Joss (2001),a set of rules or strategies are used to control and direct by an organization effectively and efficiency, hands is involved to work together in an organization to achieve a common mission continuously. Different skills are required and performed by a manager, such(prenominal) as leadership skills, organizational skills, etc. Particular person, in an organization, should shoulder the responsibility and produce results is c whollyed manager. Managers require specific experience and qualification, to make any distinguished decisions and lead their teams to accomplish a goal. Management are classified into quadruple levels, they are top managers, middle managers, first-line managers and non-managerial employees respectively. (Oxford, 2009 Joss,2001)Functions of managementThere is a cycle of four prevails of management before achieving the stated mission, they are planning, organizing, leading as well as controlling.Plannin g is one of the functions that preparing and evaluating what and how they fundament improve to do even better. They can plan for the desired achievement or integrate their up-to-the-minute structure. Organizing is a way to utilize resources and guide the manpower in a specific way, since devotement and employees are precise all-important(a) for successful organizations. Leading is the trump way to influence and coordinate the workers, as the managers motivate their left-right hands. Motivation means the managers inspire and stockpile them to do their best in a happy way. Controlling is the final step amongst four functions. The managers monitor the current productivity and correct the mistakes or shipway they perform. (Tripathi and Reddy, 2008)Q2According to Mintzberg (1990), the managers are grouped into ten roles by three main categories. They are Interpersonal roles, Information roles and decisional roles.Analyzing a manager Richard BransonWhen I reviewed the functions , roles and skills, there is no denying I admire a manager Richard Branson a freshet, who is the founder and director of Virgin sort. He is approximately 63 years old now, he experienced nearly 47 years in antithetical categories of business. They are record stores, air travel, soft drinks, radio, clothing, holidays, etc. The reason he could own business in different sectors, because he performs different managerial skills and roles, mainly use interpersonal skills and conceptual skills. (Branson,2007)Although Richard Branson did not have any huge plans at the beginning, he performed the function of planning to define the missions for his business, especially his airline. He wants to make his airline growth with revenue, to drive the passengers to their destinations and the employees are satisfied to stay and work for the companies. (Virgin Atlantic, 2013)For the interpersonal skills, he has very good family relationship with his own employees. To be a good leader you have to be a great listener. said by Richard Branson. No doubt, he doesnt only require employees to treat the customers well, but also openly listen to the employees ideas, in order to correct the existence problems and bombing new ideas for future integration. He creates new business by communicating with workers. Even though Branson has more than 200 cabin crew, he still spends time with them, listen to their requests. Because he thinks it would be the best way leading them to work in a delighted environment is a business, solving the obstacles would not be the only situation. (Branson,2012)For the conceptual skills, he has unique business sense of sustaining and integrating his business. For instant, before he established Virgin Atlantic, he was doing the business of Virgin Music successfully. A lawyer persuaded Richard to invest in airlines he was taking risks of promising, as he has no experience. However, he analyzed every risk, strategies and possibility of earning money after making up his understanding he even performed the function of organizing that thinking of the year plan and finding out the reasons why the competitors offered the market prices that low. Until now, Virgin Atlantic is the second largest airlines in the UK. (Branson,2009)In reality, most of the businessmen may not accept this challenge, because they want to ensure the risks are lower than the returns before taking any plans. Richard Branson used to equip himself with different financial perspectives therefore, he can make a right decision quicker than a normal businessman and this shows that he was performing decisional roles. (Branson,2009)Although Richard Branson has a lot of insight of different perspectives, he would sometimes face the failure. He would like to compete with Coca-Cola and Pepsi for launching Virgin Coke. Nevertheless, he underestimated his competitors, as the location distribution is all important(p) to drinks industry. Therefore, he performed his function of controll ing and the skills of managing changes, to correct the mistakes they made. He changed the location from the USA to Bangladesh and was being the best cola drink there. (Branson,2009)Q3Reflection of myselfIt is possible that everyone would possess managerial skills, including myself. I do possess human skills, conceptual skills and skillful skills.However, no matter what my job position is, the degree of owning these skills is not the same.If I need to place three of them, interpersonal skills would have the strongest degree. I have communication skills and leading function. As I have to deliver the responsibility to other committees and negotiate with suppliers to get our costs therefore, my communication skills have been greatly improved by being figurehead and negotiator. Besides, I need to help keeping a good relationship with the external world.Additionally, I have the function of organizing and the skills and roles of decision-making as well. Being the leader in a team, I hav e to allocate works to my teammates as a result, I need to organize all the plans before delivering to anyone. Besides, I faced a lot of obstacles, which are in sudden. If the original plan is not working, I need to perform the function of controlling, to think of another most suitable plan immediately.My conceptual skills should be enhanced, such as predict the future economic system situation accurately or invest any properties in a smart way, as integrating our business is the most significant part of upholding current and achieving goals. I would like to be the top manager in next five years or more, who will own at least some shops. Knowing how to calculate the expected return rate and risk would be the first step. Therefore, I would like to learn how I could buy any properties without utilise my own money, but using the earned profits to invest and earn new profits.It seems my thoughts can be easily accomplished in words, but different skills are involved. Therefore, I shou ld start understanding the bankers thought and how is the banking systems working, and then I could negotiate with them fluently. Because loans from the bank may be the helping hands of my first business.However, my technical skills are not good enough. Lacking of the seeledge of advanced technology and particular software, my technical skills should be enriched as well. Although technical skills are very crucial to some managers, I will not put a lot of effort on learning them. Because first-line manager can be hired for monitor the daily processing systems yet, I should learn how to use software to read the financial statement and make proper decision for expanding my business.Additionally, I should briefly know the transactions processing as well, to prevent the employees from making their own interests. Last but not least, employees are the assets of my company I should learn how to use the best resources and people with the lowest costs to boost the productivity and achieve my goals.In conclusion, management is very crucial to an organization. As people cannot entirely perform all the functions, roles and skills in a specific position, managers are required to shoulder their responsibility continuously to help achieving the defined mission. Besides, reflecting our strengths and weaknesses would be other criteria to run successful business.Bibliography Branson,R. , 2007. Business the Richard Branson Way 10 Secrets of the Worlds longest Brand Builder. 3rd Edition. Great Britain The Random House Group Limited. Brason,R. , 2009. Losing My Virginity The Autobiography. Great Britain The Random House Group Limited. Branson,R. ,2009. Business Stripped Bare. Great Britain The Random House Group Limited. Branson,R. , 2012. Like A Virgin Secrets They Wont Teach You At Business School. Great Britain The Random House Group Limited. Joss,R.L.,2001.Management. Australian Journal of Management, e-journal 26,p.89, Available through London School of Economics and Political Science http//www2.lse.ac.uk/library/home.aspx Accessed 2February 2013. Oxford, 2009. mental lexicon of Business and Management. United States Oxford University Press. Tripathi,P.C. and Reddy,P.N. ,2008. Principles of Management. 4th Edition. India The McGraw-Hill Publishing Company Limited. Mintzberg,H. ,1990. Mintzberg on Management Inside Our Strange World Of Organization. United States of America The Free Press. Virgin Atlantic,2013. Our explosive charge Statement. online Available at http//www.virgin-atlantic.com/en/gb/allaboutus/missionstatement/index.jsp Accessed 13 February 2013.

The industrial ecology

The industrial environmental scienceABSTRACTindustrial bionomics is the main topics of industrial ecology Subject. Here as well as come Ecology, Eco formation, Industrial ecology, Industrial system, Relation between industrial ecology and industrial system. Then describing and covering the similarities and differences between an ecosystem and an industrial system. Then describing and discussing the demonstrable definition of industrial ecology in the main body of this assignment. Here we can also absorb that the result and the conclusion at the devastations of the body. At the end of this assignment we bring in the references which I have added to see the original information.IntroductionAt first we conduct to know what is ecosystem and what is industrial system? So we need to know, what is ecology? Ecology is a broad biological science and can be divided into many sub-disciplines using various criteria. Many of these fields convergency complement and inform each other (re fer 1).So I think Ecosystem is a system which we see the natural world where e very thing is running mechanically called natural system is one kind of ecosystem. On the other hand industrial system is a system where we fix a product or energy when we add some materials. Discipline that traces the flow of energy and materials from their natural resources through manufacture, the use of products, and their final recycling or disposal.Secondly we need to know, what is industrial ecology? Industrial ecology is an interdisciplinaryframework for designing and operating industrial systems as living systems interdependent with natural systems (refer3).we also flummox in our textbook, Industrial ecology consciously incorporates the word ecology, a term originated with reference of biological system. In my assumption, Industrial ecology is one of the systems which we can contri excepte by the industry. It is very unmanageable to identify the actual definition of industrial ecology.Aims and ObjectivesThe objectives of this assignment are to describe and discuss the similarities and differences between ecosystem and industrial system and also we will describe and discuss the definition of Industrial ecology in practice and research.In our main goal is describing and discussing elaborately and find the main difference and similarities between ecosystem and industrial system and also we try to find and learn the actual definition of industrial ecology.MethodologyThrough gathering information from Chapter 4 of Graedel and Allenby (2003) and Chapter2 of Erkman and Ramaswamy (2003), and other on-line sources approximately the similarities and differences between ecosystem and industrial system and also collect the information about the definition of Industrial ecology. Here I have given two questions closure and also discuss of that questions to broader our knowledge and to give a more realistic view of industrial ecology.Describing and discussing the similarities and dif ference between an ecosystem and an industrial systemSimilarities between ecosystem and industrial systemIn the ecosystem we see that where use some materials and energies on the other hand industrial system we also use some materials and energies.If we consider the things that we get ecosystem is a cycling system and industrial system also a cycling system.If we consider the natural things like that biological system then we see that ecology is a one kinds of food chain and industrial system when a product finallyout from the system then the system also go to the beginning process.So it is also one kind of food chain.Some waste out from every system, most of the time we see that in ecosystem can recover their waste naturally and industrial system also triesto recover their waste.For exampleIn biological systems, trees use foods to produce nuts, which are eaten by squirrels, and the nut resources are used to produce baby squirrels. Some of those babies become food for foraging mamm als and birds. The squirrels is thus both pray and predator, secondary producer and consumer. A similar situation exists in industry, where a factory acting as consumer may receive disk drives, housings, and key boards as a consumer and assemble computers as a secondary producer.Differences between ecosystem and industrial systemIn the ecosystem we see that where the physical energy dont come directly like as a nutrient but industrial system where physical energy come from directly like as a mechanical or human being.In the ecosystem we get the primary actor and sometimes we get the secondary condition like as gas, coal, oil. But the industrial system only we get the secondary condition like as electricity, light etc.And at last in the ecosystem we see some wastes but maximum wastes can recover naturally but industrial system we see the waste more and most of the time it cant recover to use the system.Describe and discuss the definition of Industrial ecology in practice and researc hIndustrial ecology explores the assumption that industrial activities should not be considered in isolation from the wider world but rather in terms of an industrial ecosystem functioning within the natural ecological system or biosphere.However here there is no standard definition of industrial ecology. Industrial ecology more or less follows three key elements which is belowIndustrial ecology is a systemic, comprehensive, integrated view of all the components if the industrial economy and their relations with the biosphere.It emphasizes the biophysical substratum of human activities.It considers technological dynamics.So we can say that if we can recover our industrial system then we get the actual industrial ecology. We can recover it by restructuring the industrial system.We can restructure the industrial system by using four main elementsOptimizing the use of resources.shutdown material loops and minimizing emissions.Dematerializing activities.Reducing and e laminating the dep endence on non renewable sources of energy.If we consider in this four elements to restructure of our industrial system then we can see the industrial ecology.ResultsWe have already described and discussed our topics elaborately in the body assignment. We also have described the definition of industrial ecology but it is very difficult to find the definition of industrial ecology.ConclusionIn end of this assignment, my assumption is that the industrial system is not the same of the industrial ecology.Referencesen.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecology_(disciplines)Industrial ecology(webside)www.indigodev.com/IE.htmlIndustrial Ecology(text book)Graedel and Allenby (2003)Industrial EcologyErkman and Ramaswamy (2003)

Implementing An Effective Food Safety Management System Management Essay

Implementing An Effective provender condom Management System Management EssayRegarding to the research hypothesis, the researcher concluded that there argon two main critical factors were revealed through the data analytic thinking that non only were considered as the most important factors in implementing an efficient viands Safety Management System (ISO 22000), but likewise proved to be the most influential factors in the optimization of the degree of the effectiveness of FSMS (ISO 22000) for death penalty in Egyptian intellectual nourishment physical processing accompevery. The waying accountability with regard to enhance communication between stuff, update FSMS, motivate stuff members and allocate resources for effective FSMS slayings and planning for realisation of safe products implementation such as identifying potential hazards, update and review HACCP plan and planning for meeting FSMS requirements have a major and important refer on increasing the effective implementation of FSMS (ISO 22000).Regarding to availability of uncomplicated sustenance and general managerial procedures requirements beside good resources charge have a good blow on effective implementation of FSMS (ISO 22000). In other words, in order for the nutriment companies to effectively implement FSMS system they should focus their efforts to strengthen their internal documentation system, charge responsibility, resources management and planning and realization of safe products for enhancing improvement and effective implementation of FSMS (ISO22000).As a final conclusion, the provender gumshoe prize management system should be reviewed, evaluated and updated regularly to improve its effectiveness. An effective planning for producing a safe food product will participate in achieving a compulsory progress trend in FSMS effectiveness implementation.The researcher believes that HACCP planning has a big influence on the success of the effective implementation of a foo d asylum attribute management system in any food manufacturing organization, training courses, inductions and seminars should be regularly conducted for all levels of personnel to enhance their sense of the surfaceableness of the food lineament management system.6.2 Recommendations for Future WorkIt is recommended to expand the scope of study to cover other firmaments in the company food chain not only food manufacturing but also suppliers, warehouses, export and end user or any other sector, to have an overall military rating of the food safety fiber management system implemented in Dreem Company.This overall evaluation will help maintain and improve the food safety quality management system to be able to cope with the future developments and strengthen the ability of Dreem Company to produce safe products and compete in both local and world(prenominal) markets.6.3 LimitationsHowever, this study suffers from some limitations, which need tonic actions to help the system to be more effective, this limitation can be summarized as followsConcerning sample size collectable to the small sample size, these results cannot be generalized to the entire Egyptian food manufacture. Further naturalise must incorporate a larger sample size and many companies interested in the field of food processing.Concerning Documentation and General Requirements1. It can be noticed that there is a nap of paper work and documents that are used in monitoring FSMS, that consider being a hindrance of the constraints the application system effectively, redesign documentation system and eliminating all non grade added paper work will support implementing FSMS effectively.2. Documentation system needed to be updated periodically according to unremitting updating of FSMS and to meet system and company modern applications.3. Additional awareness and efforts is required to inform staff member with the importance of documents in monitoring FSMS and involve staff member in establishi ng documents that shot with the purpose of use.4. Hazards that magnate affect products and food safety needed to be more defined and turn to in different functions to generate sharp focus considering potential hazards, only production, quality determine and quality assurance functions have posted and addressed visual aids clarify hazards might affect the product, hazards that might affect forage Safety should be addressed in other functions like warehouses maintenance and logistics5. It can be noticed that there is a lake of take away systems to drive the consistent implementation of the policy, since not all staff and employees understand the company policy and strategy of the company to achieve desired levels of food safety, awareness and inductions especially to the new comers or new entry employees needed to highlight policy and strategy.Concerning Management Responsibility1. Top management should counter about actuate employee and inspiring them, high number of the staf f feeling that top management focused only on quantities rather that quality, so employees and stuff needed to be motivated by top management and to align both of focusing on quantities with focus on product quality2. Lack of defining responsibilities and political science inter company, researcher noticed that many employees are not aware by the authority and responsibilities of middle management staff and team leaders and how the responsibility and authority can be used effectively in effective implementation of FSMS and overcome different potential obstacles, top management should prepare appropriate job descriptions and well defined rules for different employees in FSMS applications3. Communication between top management and staff members should be developed to know the problems and listening to their suggestions for firmness of purpose and removing obstacles that impede effective implementation of FSMS4. At the same time top management should inform staff member with modificat ion and updates in regulatory and statutory in regular manner through meeting with function headers and food safety team members.Concerning Resources Management1. The researcher concluded that financial and physical resources should be ad equated provided to improve the effective implementation of FSMS, facilities and materials that enhance hygiene and GMPs should be available and provided in timely manner for different areas.2. It is noticed that a lot of number of new employers are coming from different cultures and they have not previous experience about how to handle food products, hygiene requirements, GMPs and food manufacturing instructions, continuous inductions, awareness and training should be delivered to new comer employees and current employees3. Level of current competences for staff members should be reviewed regularly to evaluate different training unavoidably for staff member that enhance effective implementations of FSMS.Concerning Planning and realization for saf e products1. The researcher found that PRPs must gain more attention to be an effective tool in improving FSMS applications, procedures should be established to ensure the effectiveness of PRPs implementations and allocated resources for implementing PRPs programs.2. To improve quality control level visual aids should be addressed and posted to communicate and inform staff members with quality parameters levels. Also to provide training for labors and quality control observers with the recent modification in FSMS and updated quality control parameters for different products.3. Evaluating and monitoring CCPs results should be announced to staff member to participate in solving and remove potential hazards that might affect the products.4. Corrective actions should be reviewed in timely regular manner. Remove all obstacles that might hinder follow up and implementation of corrective actions that researcher found that many corrective actions still opened and needed for effective action s to close them.Concerning Improve Food Safety Management System1. It can be noticed that there is a lake of implementing evaluation and measurement for FSMS implementations before and after improvements or corrective actions to view the progress of applications. Analysis of performance is applied but not on astray scale in FSMS2. Researcher found that there is shortage in validation of the effectiveness of implementing FSMS during regular period of times. Many methods and applications of FSMS needed to be verificated and validated, also all assignable root causes should be removed.3. The FSMS could be more effective if the findings for internal and external audits are gained more attention for implementations and validations.ReferencesReferencesAdams, C.E. (1994), ISO 9000 and HACCP systems, Food and Drug fair play Journal., Vol. 49, pp. 603-7.Adams, C. (2000), HACCP applications in the foodservice industry, Journal of the connective of Food and Drug Officials, Vol. 94 No. 4, pp . 22-5.Al-Nakeeb, A., Williams, T., Hibberd, P. and Gronow, S. 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RomeFood Standard Agency (2007),Food safety management evaluation Research, Report available at www.jigsaw-research.co.uk.GFSI (2007), What is ISO 22000?,), Technical Committee position paper, September, available at www.globalfoodsafety.comGilling, S.J., Taylor, E.A., Kane, K. and Taylor, J.Z. (2001), Successful hazard analysis critical control point implementation in the United Kingdom understanding the barriers through the use of a behavioural adherence model, Journal of Food Protection, Vol. 64 No. 5, pp. 710-5.Gorris, L.G.M. (2005 ), Food safety objective an integral part of food chain management, Food Control, Vol. 16 No. 9, pp. 801-9.Griffith, C. (2000), Food safety in catering establishments35, in Farber, J.M. and Todd, E.C. (Eds), Safe Handling of Foods, Marcel Dekker, New York, NY, pp. 235-56.Hammer, M. (2002), Process management and the future of Six Sigma, MIT Sloan Management Revi ew, Vol. 43 No. 2, pp. 26-32.Hunter, Laura and Erin Leahey. 2008. Collaborative Research in Sociology Trends and contribute Factors. American Sociologist 39290306Joee, C. (2008), The ISO 22000 standard procedures for a food safety management system, a guide to creating a food safety management system for any organization in the supply chain, Bizmanulaz Inc, 2008.Little, C.L., Lock,D., Barnes,J., and Mitchell, R.T. (2002), Microbiological quality of take-away cooked rice and chicken sandwiches effective of good hygiene training of the management , Communicable Disease and Puplic Health, Vol. 11, pp. 154-7.Little, C.L., Lock,D., Barnes,J., and Mitchell, R.T. (2003), Microbiological quality of food in relation to hazard analysis systems and food hygiene training of the management, Communicable Disease and Puplic Health, Vol. 6, pp. 250-8.Luning, P. and Marcelis, W. (2007), A conceptual model of food quality management functions based on a techno-managerial approach, Trends in Food Sci ence Technology, Vol. 18 No. 3, pp. 159-66.Luning, P., Bango, L., Kussaga, J., Rovira, J. and Marcelis, W. (2008), Comprehensive analysis and differentiated assessment of food safety control systems a diagnostic instrument, Trends in Food Science Technology, Vol. 19 No. 10, pp. 522-34.Manning, L. and Baines, R. (2004), Effective management of food safety and quality, British Food Journal, Vol. 106 No. 8, pp. 598-606.Mayes, T. (1993), The application of management systems to food safety and quality, Trends in Food Science Technology, Vol. 4, July, pp. 216-19.Mehta, S. and Wilcock, A. (1996), Quality system standards in the Canadian food and beverage industry, Quality Management Journal, Vol. 4 No. 1, pp. 72-93.Mehrdad, T. 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The Relationship Between Grete And Gregor Samsa English Literature Essay

The Relationship Between Grete And Gregor Samsa English Literature EssayFranz Kafkas The Metamorphosis was first published in 1915. The short story depicts the struggle of a family trying to cope with the biting louse transformation of the antagonist, Gregor. While there are multiple themes displayed in Kafkas text, the relationship amongst Gregor Samsa and his younger infant, Grete, is perhaps one of the principle themes in this short story. Once a close and pleasing relationship between Gregor and his sister, their bond slowly erodes everyplace time as she grows aged(prenominal)er and the family matters continually worsen on account of Gregors metamorphosed appearance.In the second section of the story, after Gregors transformation, Grete is the only one of the family members to attempt to tuition for Gregor and seemingly really sympathize with his condition. Gregors M early(a) is shocked by his appearance, she stinkpot non bear to see him, and his father is hostile and vio lent toward his son. Although still fearful of his new insect form, Grete still shows genuine affection for Gregor and on her own makes the decision to care of him consequently making her the only one to face Gregor on a insouciant basis. She feeds him and takes careful notice of what his new appetite prefers. In set up to discover which foods Gregor wantd and disliked, she brought him a wide selection that she spread out on an old newspaper. There were old, half-rotten vegetables, bones left over from the even outing meal covered with congealed white sauce, a few raisins and almonds, some cheese that Gregor had considered inedible ii days ago, a slice of dry bread, a slice of bread and butter, and a slice of bread and butter with some salt (pg. 290). Gregor greatly appreciates this as he is able to show his sister what foods he really does enjoy. Aside from becoming the self appointed caretaker of Gregor, Grete also assumes the role of Gregors spokesperson to the family. After aid to Gregor in the evening she had to give a detailed report about how the agency looked, what Gregor had eaten, how he had behaved that time, and whether perhaps some slight improvement was noticeable (pg. 294) Grete serves as the only link between Gregor and the mother and father. Gregor is very grateful for his sisters intricate care and he feels quite comfortable as an insect with high hopes that everything go forth return stake to normal. In an attempt to again accommodate Gregors new needs, Grete decides it would be best to remove the furniture in his fashion in order to allow more crawling space for him. After convincing her mother this is a good course of action, they decide to remove the furniture while the father is not present due on account he may disapprove orviolently interfere. Although Gretes actions were of good intention, her plan ends in disaster when Gregor attempts to depart the removal of his furniture and shocks his Mother provoking his father to atta ck and injure him. Thus ensues a great severance in Gregors relationship with his sister.Signs of change in Gretes demeanor and behavior toward Gregor are first seen toward the end of the second section in the story. Grete undoubtedly begins to forget that this insect is her brother and that he still manifests mankind feelings and desires. She becomes less sensitive in her actions when attending to Gregors den as it is now referred to. In one paragraph, Grete is shown frantically tearing the window open to allow newly air into the dank and musty air filled room. She seems to even become less tolerable of her brothers appearance over time. On one occasion she came a little earlier than usual and caught Gregor as he was looking out the window, motionless and terrifyingly upright.but not only did she not enter, she also actually jumped back and shut the door (pg.294). Completely inconsiderate of her brothers feelings she has made it known to him that she can no longer bare the sight of his insect form. Gregor in a altruistic act to save his sister from having to see him takes on the daunting four hour task of draping the sheet over the couch he hides under indeed hiding him from anyones view. Even the first words You Gregor, (pg. 297) spoken by Grete to Gregor are those of anger and distaste with a raised fist after the mother had fainted at the sight of her son. After the events on that night, the family increasingly becomes more morose and distracted to pay much attention to Gregor.4In the third section, Grete, has earned a job as a salesgirl and begins to neglect taking proper care of Gregor. When feeding him she no longer considered what might give Gregor some special pleasure, the sister now quickly pushed any old food into Gregors room with her foot before she rushed off to work both in the morning and at noon then in the evening, not caring whether the food had only been nibbled at or -most frequently left completely untouched (pg.302). Grete, now work ing, puts her other tasks first and foremost before her brother suggesting he has become less important to her, that he is no more than a nuisance in the household. Gregors room is even described as filthy with the walls and floor covered in grime and dust and although it is Gretes duty to clean the room it is done so in a manner so careless and with such great haste that it makes little or no difference. Gregor annoyed and angered by the state of his room would stand in particularly offensive corners when the sister came in as if intending to reproach her (pg. 302). He is quickly becoming more hostile toward Grete who now regards Gregor not so much as he brother but more of a routine chore. The arrival of the three boarders prompts the family to carelessly throw any throwaway(prenominal) items into Gregors room where they pile up around him allowing very little movement. His sister is now much more occupied assisting her mother and father with other chores and lovable the boarder s who are very specific and particular. Grete, along with her mother and father, has seemingly forgotten about Gregor by now.Gregor lies in his room amidst the junk and garbage during the day now, his truthful metamorphosis into a horrifying insect nearly complete. One night, after the family and the three boarders have finished their dinner he hears the sound of Grete playing her fiddle from the living room. Attracted to the beautiful playing of the violin, he ventures out from his room hardly5surprised that he had recently begun to show so little doctor for others previously such thoughtfulness had been his p relievee (pg. 304). Gregor has grown shameless and inconsiderate similar to his sister. As he makes his way out to the living room to check hear the violin, he has strange disillusions of reconciling with his sister and taking her to his room to play violin for him. He imagines telling his sister hes sending her to the Conservatory to field music and that she would burst into tears of emotion, and Gregor would raise himself up to her shoulder and kiss her on the neck (pg. 305). There is still hope residing within Gregor that he can set things right and have the relationship with his sister he once had. Whilst imagining all of these false fantasies he is spotted by one of the middle boarders who is so disgusted by the sight of him declares he refuses to stay there any longer along with his two companions.This is the moment in which Grete has lowestly had it with Gregor and ultimately betrays him. Grete even abstains the use of her brothers name when she cries to her parents I refuse to utter my brothers name in the presence of this monster, and so I say we must try to get rid of it (pg. 306). Gregor is no longer referred to by name or even he. He becomes it, not a person, but a thing. Grete no longer sees any tender-hearted left in her insect brother, if this were Gregor, he would have realized long ago thathuman beings cant live with such a creatu re, and hed have asleep(p) away on his ownfree will (pg. 307). Upon Gregors arrival to his room, his fate is sealed with Gretes turn of the key locking him within his room to die. In his final moments Gregors thoughts focus back to his family with tenderness and love. His conviction that he must disappear was, if possible even stronger than his sisters (pg. 308). He peacefully comes to terms with his sisters actions and dies within the early hours of the morning.6While Gregor has undergone and fatally suffered his metamorphosis, the family is now free to prosper and can now look forward to the hopeful future of Grete for she had blossomed into a good-looking and well-developed girl (pg. 310). Although Gregors somatogenetic appearance had changed, his personality remained the same. Grete on the other hand had changed also, not only in looks but in her personality as well. Once a loving sister, she eventually comes to seemingly hate Gregor, and condemn him. She has evidently replace d Gregor in the family being the new young and responsible child with a bright future like Gregor once had. Ironically the family he had wished and worked so much for especially Grete had ultimately caused him his demise. Gregor had planned to give Grete a bright future and see that she was successful in her pursuits, but when he needed her most, she had abandoned him. Although Gretes neglect, abuse, and lack of care for Gregor had killed him, he still died peacefully with unconditional love for her.

The New York Crystal Palace :: Architecture History

The New York Crystal Palace The Great Exhibition of finesse and Industry The Crystal Palace is a partial picture of the age an exposition of the comforts and luxuries, the manners and attainments which belong to our civilization. -B. Silliman & C. R. Goodrich (The World of Science, Art and Industry at the Crystal Palace, New York, 1854) On July 14, 1853, the Great Exhibition of Art and Industry began in New York City, New York, with the commemoration of the Crystal Palace, the central exhibition hall. The adjoining day, President Franklin Pierce inaugurated the event with a grand ceremony. Secretary of War Jefferson Davis was also on hand. Modeled on the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London, which had unfastened a few years earlier for the Exhibition of the Products of the Art and Industry of All Nations, New Yorks Crystal Palace was larger than its predecessor, and it inspired everyone who saw it. This exhibition included a vaunt of sculpture that was probably the large st ever held in the United States up to that time. There was also a separate gallery for the display of paintings. It was the first worlds fair to include a separate picture gallery as part of its exhibits.This image is Stuarts Topological Map of the Crystal Palace and Guide to the revise Official Catalogue of the Exhibition of the Industries of All Nations. The map was prepared by Henri C. Stuart and published by G.P. Putnam and Co. for the use of visitors to the New York Crystal Palace. With the accompanying legend, visitors would be fitting to see the layout of all the exhibit classes in the building, as well as the entrances and stairways. As seen in this plan, all the room in the spacious building was use for displaying the different forms of industry. The position of the Machine Gallery in relation to the Crystal Palace can also be seen. The restrooms are between the Palace and the Gallery, neighboring(a) to Saloon areas for the Gents and Ladies respectively. In addition, for the convenience of visitors, a note below the map states, Wherever this sign (*) occurs on the diagram, is a prominent point of interest to the visitor. The sculptures displayed on the main naves are clearly labeled, so that one could use them as You Are Here signs to know where one was on the diagram.

Probabilist - Deductive Inference in Gassendis Logic Essay -- Philoso

Probabilist Deductive Inference in Gassendis Logic*ABSTRACT In his Logic, Pierre Gassendi proposes that our inductive inferences lack the information we would need to be certain of the claims that they suggest. not even deductivist inference can insure certainty about trial-and-error claims because the experientially attained premises with which we adduce support for such claims are no great than probable. While something is surely amiss in calling deductivist inference probabilistic, it seems Gassendi has hit upon a now-familiar, sensible pointnamely, the use of deductive reasoning in empirical contexts, while providing certain formal guarantees, does not insulate empirical arguments from judgment by the measure of belief which we invest in their premises. The more general point, which distinguishes Gassendi among his contemporaries, is that the ability shared by all empirical claims consists in the warrant from experience for those claims we introduce in their support. In Book I V (On method) of his Institutio Logica, Pierre Gassendi proposes an unusual locale for probable and nondeductive inference in empirical reasoning demonstrative syllogism. Thus, in resolutionthe seeking of a things causes given the evidence of its effectshe recognizes the critical component part of inferring general claims from the particulars of empirical data, not least from what he calls the evidence of signs. And intriguingly, he construes resolution-based claims as merely probable, though we attain them through classically deductive syllogism, because they even off merely possible claims among a field of alternativesperhaps in the manner of Descartess method. In the preceding book (On the syllogism), Gassendi presents a relatively tradit... ....Garber, Daniel. Descartes and Experiment in the sermon and Essays, in Stephen Voss, Essays on the school of thought and Science of Rene Descartes. New York and Oxford Oxford University Press, 1993.Gassendi, Pierre. Institutio Logica , 1658.Hacking, Ian. The Emergence of Probability. Cambridge Cambridge University Press, 1985.Hatfield, Gary. Science, Certainty, and Descartes, in PSA 1988 Proceedings of the Biennial Meeting of the Philosophy of Science Association. Volume Two. 249-262. east Lansing, Michigan Philosophy of Science Association, 1988.Hintikka, Jakko. Aristotelian Induction, in Revue Internationale de Philosophie 34 (1980) 422-40.Milton, J. R. Induction before Hume, British Journal for the Philosophy of Science 38 (1987) 49-74. Urbach, Peter. Francis Bacons Philosophy of Science. La Salle, Illinois Open Court, 1987.